GOOGLE的硬件设备

2007-07-29google

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如果说Google销售了两年多的企业搜索硬件只算是”有点硬”的话，那么Google自身所拥有的服务器硬件资源就是”非常硬”的表现了。一直以来，提及Google的成功，大多数人都会归纳出三点：拥有大量极具创新精神的人才、先进的PageRank算法、接近垄断的广告网络（AdSense/AdWords）。这固然没错，Google的成功离不开它们。但Google的成功至少还有另一个极其重要的因素，那就是Google的基层硬件资源，也即Google所拥有的庞大的服务器群。
　　Google每年都会花费巨额资金，在世界各地扩建数据中心。每个Google的数据中心里，都堆放着大量的Google服务器。到底Google每年会花费多少钱在硬件上？Google至今拥有多少服务器了？Gartner Group的Peter Hidas最近发表了一篇文章，试图给出上述问题的答案。

　　Google每年会花费2亿~2.5亿美元在硬件设备上。我们都知道Google的服务器是它自己组装的，成本低廉。假设每台服务器的总费用（含外围及存储设备）为900美元，那么就可推算出Google目前至少已经拥有了100万部服务器。而现代的服务器一般都是多核心的，每一个核心可以看作是一部单独的电脑。如果这样算的话，那么Google的服务器硬件就相当于至少300万部单核电脑。

　　同时，Google也是名副其实的硬件制造商。Google平均每年会自己组装出超过10万部服务器，而惠普、Dell、IBM去年的服务器出货总量分别才60万、46万及30万，如此算来，Google现在是世界上第四大服务器制造商了。如之前我们所知道的那样，Google一直为服务器开发并使用基于开源Linux的服务器软件。

　　Peter Hidas还提到了微软所拥有的服务器数量，答案是少于50万部。这倒并不是因为微软比Google穷（事实刚好相反），而是由于微软并不像Google那样拥有先进的服务器解决方案，所以微软无法并行管理像Google那样多的服务器。

　　Peter Hidas给出的这个数据出乎很多人的意料，因为就在去年下半年，外界推测Google只拥有45万部左右的服务器。不管怎样，要想复制Google的成功，非常困难。即使能复制了PageRank算法、试图建立自己的广告网络、拉拢人才，就像微软和Yahoo!所做的那样，也很难在硬件基础上与Google相抗衡。要想打倒Google，挑战者必须是具备革命性技术的企业才行，一味硬拼明显是行不通的。

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